Most people will experience some form of trauma in their lifetime. It may be a car accident, abuse or neglect, the sudden death of a loved one, a violent criminal act, exposure to the violence of war, or perhaps living through a natural disaster.

If necessary support and resources are not available and the experience of trauma remains unresolved, lasting effects can cause suffering long after the event has passed. In these circumstances, the support of a therapist is often fundamental to healing.

The four types of trauma symptoms listed in the DSM-5   include:

Avoidance Symptoms

• Avoiding specific locations, sights, situations, and sounds that serve as reminders of the event
• Anxiety, depression, numbness, or guilt

Re-experiencing Symptoms

• Intrusive thoughts, nightmares or flashbacks

Hyperarousal Symptoms

• Anger, irritability, and hypervigilance
• Aggressive, reckless behaviour, including self-harm
• Sleep disturbances

Negative Mood and Cognition Symptoms

• Loss of interest in activities that were once considered enjoyable
• Difficulty remembering details of the distressing event
• Change in habits or behaviour since the trauma

If you or someone you know is experiencing distress related to trauma, we are confident that we can help.